La grand-mère, la lady douairière Brabourne, 83 ans, va mourir quelques heures plus tard. Mountbatten concluded that the situation was too volatile to wait even a year before granting independence to India. La grand-mère, la lady douairière Brabourne, 83 ans, va mourir quelques heures plus tard. L’IRA a expliqué les raisons du meurtre de Lord Mountbatten dans une déclaration après sa mort (Image: Getty Images) Lord Mountbatten et ses petits-fils (LR) Nicholas Knatchbull, Ashley Hicks et Timothy Knatchbull, regardant une exposition à l’Ingénierie Exhibition au Wembley Conference Centre, Londres, janvier 1978. Qui est Scarlett-Lauren Sirgue, la fiancée du prince Louis de Luxembourg ? Après quoi, avec dix-huit volontaires, il réussit à la faire remorquer à bon port. «Dickie» était le cousin adoré de la reine Elizabeth II, l’oncle de son époux le prince Philip, le mentor de leur fils le prince Charles. [66] A boundary committee chaired by Sir Cyril Radcliffe was charged with drawing boundaries for the new nations. Under his presidency and personal involvement, the United World College of South East Asia was established in Singapore in 1971, followed by the United World College of the Pacific in Victoria, British Columbia, in 1974. The Crown season 3 shows Lord Mountbatten (or "Uncle Dickie") plan a coup to unseat Prime Minister Harold Wilson. Entre ces deux événements s'écoula un demi-siècle tourmenté qui vit l'arrière-petit-fils de Victoria incarner «le génie de la race anglaise à faire face, à vaincre et à dominer le monde», l'expression est de Kipling. L'affection qui autant que les liens du sang unissait Philip et son oncle était connue de tous. L'arrière-petit-fils de la reine Victoria, impératrice des Indes, en sera donc le vingtième et dernier vice-roi. Lord Mountbatten was a British statesman and naval leader, the fourth child of Prince Louis of … [78] In March 1953, he was appointed Personal Aide-de-Camp to the Queen. [100], In 2006, the BBC documentary The Plot Against Harold Wilson alleged that there had been another plot involving Mountbatten to oust Wilson during his second term in office (1974–1976). Princess Alice of Battenberg never took the name Mountbatten as she married Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark in 1903; her son, Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, took the name upon becoming a naturalised British citizen. Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, was born Prince Louis of Battenberg on 25 June 1900 in Windsor. Mountbatten had set to sea in his 30 feet long wooden boat 'Shadow V' with his eldest daughter Patricia, later 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (1924-2017), her husband John, 7th Lord Brabourne (1924-2005) and his elderly mother - Doreen "Dodo", The Dowager Lady Brabourne (1896-1979). In Mountbatten's lifetime (he was killed by an IRA bomb in 1979), the public account of his life rarely veered off the 'national hero' script 'He … Smith, Adrian. Mountbatten's most controversial legacy came in his support for the burgeoning nationalist movements which grew up in the shadow of Japanese occupation. [7] Mountbatten became a Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), now the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). II avait Charlemagne pour ancêtre direct ; par le sang ou par alliance, il était uni au Kaiser Guillaume II, au roi Alphonse XIII d'Espagne, à Ferdinand 1er de Roumanie, à Gustave VI de Suède, à Constantin 1er de Grèce, au roi Haakon VII de Norvège et à Alexandre 1er de Yougoslavie. The Queen's cousin, Lord Louis Mountbatten, has been killed by a bomb blast on his boat in Ireland. «Victoria, reine de Grande-Bretagne, d'Irlande et des Dominions, protectrice de la Foi et impératrice des Indes», y annonçait la naissance de son "arrière-petit-fils, Louis Francis Albert Victoria Nicholas de Battenberg". It was Mountbatten who recognised that surprise and speed were essential to capture the radar, and saw that an airborne assault was the only viable method. Elle a été un symbole, le symbole des valeurs autour desquelles la nation britannique se rassemble depuis dix siècles pour chevaucher les vagues de l'histoire. Quelques heures plus tard, la radio annonçait la signature par Hitler et Staline, d'un pacte de non-agression. [91], Mountbatten was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society[21] and had received an honorary doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1968. [2], Mountbatten's nickname among family and friends was "Dickie", although "Richard" was not among his given names. The attack hardened the hearts of many Brits against the IRA and convinced Margaret Thatchers government to take a hard-line stance against the terrorist organization. The remembrance will be held on a grassy hill overlooking the Atlantic waters where the IRA bomb exploded on a clear sunny morning 40 years ago, killing Lord Louis Mountbatten … C'est à un bal chez le vice-roi de l'époque qu'il avait rencontré sa femme Edwina et qu'était né leur amour. Il était fatal que l'une d'elles tombât amoureuse de ce beau garçon blond au regard pétillant de malice. Au moins, la bombe des assassins l'aura frappé là où il souhaitait mourir : sur la mer. Lord Mountbatten, Gandhi et Edwina Mountbatten en 1947 à New Delhi. Six weeks later,[142] Sinn Féin vice-president Gerry Adams said of Mountbatten's death: The IRA gave clear reasons for the execution. [158], He was appointed personal aide-de-camp by Edward VIII, George VI[175] and Elizabeth II, and therefore bore the unusual distinction of being allowed to wear three royal cyphers on his shoulder straps. Indifférent aux critiques, il consacra toute son énergie à ranimer le moral de ses troupes, visita les fronts, fit poursuivre le combat sous les déluges de la mousson birmane, arracha kilo par kilo à ses supérieurs de Londres et de Washington le ravitaillement indispensable à ses soldats. S'il a échoué à maintenir l'unité du pays qui sera divisé en Inde et Pakistan, il a réussi à éviter la guerre civile entre les 300 millions d'Hindous et les 100 millions de Musulmans. "Command and Control in Postwar Britain Defence Decision-making in the United Kingdom, 1945-1984". Le siècle avait six mois. His coffin was drawn on a gun carriage by 118 Royal Navy ratings. [93] The next year Mountbatten attended an official White House dinner during which he took the opportunity to have a 20-minute conversation with Richard Nixon and Secretary of State William P. Rogers, about which he later wrote, "I was able to talk to the President a bit about both Tino [Constantine II of Greece] and Juanito [Juan Carlos of Spain] to try and put over their respective points of view about Greece and Spain, and how I felt the US could help them. Le jumeau de Nicholas, Timothy, est dans un état très grave. [7] There followed a honeymoon tour of European royal courts and America which included a visit to Niagara Falls (because "all honeymooners went there"). Lord Mountbatten avec sa petite-fille, à Mullaghmore en Irlande, en 1963. This became evident when Mountbatten had to be reassured that the fission reactions from the Bikini Atoll tests would not spread through the oceans and blow up the planet. La personnalité de Lord Louis, gaie et non conformiste, l'amusait et, sensible à son expérience, elle en avait fait son conseiller le plus écouté. Et il a pris le « style Mountbatten », décontracté et moqueur, pour remplir les lourds devoirs de sa charge. En remerciement, la nation qui venait de s'affranchir de trois siècles et demi de joug colonial fit un geste unique dans l'histoire de la décolonisation : elle offrit à celui qui avait brisé ses chaînes de devenir son premier chef d'Etat. Eden insisted that Mountbatten not resign. Sur l'une des planches de bois, on lit encore le nom du navire réduit en miettes par la bombe de l'IRA: le Shadow V. « Chaque gala, chaque cérémonie, étaient l'occasion pour Elizabeth de montrer sa faveur à Lord Mountbatten : elle lui était reconnaissante de lui avoir fait connaître Philip. He was at the same time made Earl of Medina and Viscount Alderney, also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. [40], In August 1943, Churchill appointed Mountbatten the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command (SEAC) with promotion to acting full admiral. [79], Mountbatten served his final posting at the Admiralty as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff from April 1955 to July 1959, the position which his father had held some forty years before. [7], In 1934, Mountbatten was appointed to his first command – the destroyer HMS Daring. Throughout Lord Mountbatten… [37] His relations with Canadian veterans, who blamed him for the losses, "remained frosty" after the war. La plus grande victoire de Louis Mountbatten, disaient ses ennemis, est d'avoir marié son neveu à l'héritière du trône. During this period Mountbatten also served as chairman of the NATO Military Committee for a year. [124], In 1974, Mountbatten began corresponding with Charles about a potential marriage to his granddaughter, Hon. En mer du Nord, une torpille endommagea un jour la poupe et les chaudières. C'est là que nous attendait, un soir de 1972, l'homme dont j'allais, avec Larry Collins, autopsier pendant deux ans la mémoire et les archives pour écrire «Cette nuit la liberté ». He rejoined Kelly in December 1940, by which time the torpedo damage had been repaired. [21] Mountbatten set a date for the transfer of power from the British to the Indians, arguing that a fixed timeline would convince Indians of his and the British government's sincerity in working towards a swift and efficient independence, excluding all possibilities of stalling the process. [121], Mountbatten was a strong influence in the upbringing of his grand-nephew, Charles, Prince of Wales, and later as a mentor – "Honorary Grandfather" and "Honorary Grandson", they fondly called each other according to the Jonathan Dimbleby biography of the Prince – though according to both the Ziegler biography of Mountbatten and the Dimbleby biography of the Prince, the results may have been mixed. What the IRA did to him is what Mountbatten had been doing all his life to other people; and with his war record I don't think he could have objected to dying in what was clearly a war situation. « Le Prince Charles enfant avait passé ses premières vacances loin de ses parents à Malte (ici en 1954) avec oncle ‘Dickie’. Le bateau saute et se désintègre. "[42], During his time as Supreme Allied Commander of the Southeast Asia Theatre, his command oversaw the recapture of Burma from the Japanese by General William Slim. Autour de lui, gravitaient une pléiade d'amis qui ne figuraient jamais dans les chroniques mondaines — des ingénieurs, des savants, des constructeurs d'avions, des mécaniciens. Cet après-midi du 27 août 1979, quand le « Shadow V » quitte le port Mullaghmore sur la côte de Sligo, son équipage salue joyeusement quelques hommes du village qui le regardent partir. Il y a 40 ans, Lord Mountbatten, cousin de la reine Elizabeth II et dernier vice-roi des Indes, était tué par une bombe placée sur son bateau par l'IRA... Avec Rétro Match, suivez l’actualité à travers la légende de Paris Match. Un peu comme si Ben Bella avait demandé à Charles de Gaulle de devenir le premier président de la République algérienne. Ces réalisations lui avaient valu d'être appelé, un jour de l'automne 1943, chez le vieux lion du 10 Downing Street et de se voir nommé, à l'âge de 43 ans, commandant en chef interallié du théâtre d'opérations du Sud-Est asiatique. Et le plus grand puisqu'il fut l'artisan inspiré d'une transition en douceur : il fut surnommé « le Sage » par les Hindous. [137] The Queen received messages of condolence from leaders including American President Jimmy Carter and Pope John Paul II. His priority was to maintain practical, stable government, but driving him was an idealism in which he believed every people should be allowed to control their own destiny. [99] In contrast, Andrew Lownie has suggested that it took the intervention of the Queen to dissuade him from plotting against Wilson. Certains de leurs projets, tel un iceberg-porte-avions en eau de mer gelée mélangée de pâte de bois, relevaient de la plus haute fantaisie. II y a ainsi, dans l'histoire, des circonstances où tout peut, en un instant, basculer dans un sens ou dans l'autre. Le « Kelly «escorta des convois à travers la Manche, pourchassa les torpilleurs allemands dans la mer du Nord, se porta, dans le brouillard et sous les bombes, au secours des six mille rescapés de la malheureuse expédition de Narvik. The 11-minute work was given its first performance on 5 May 1980 by the Scottish Baroque Ensemble, conducted by Leonard Friedman. [21] Noteworthy technical achievements of Mountbatten and his staff include the construction of "PLUTO", an underwater oil pipeline to Normandy, an artificial Mulberry harbour constructed of concrete caissons and sunken ships, and the development of tank-landing ships. Des policiers récupèrent les débris du bateau de pêche sur lequel Lord Mountbatten a trouvé la mort en Irlande. [152], Mountbatten's faults, according to his biographer Philip Ziegler, like everything else about him, "were on the grandest scale. En 1927, il rédigeait pour la Marine le premier manuel d'utilisation des postes de radio. Says Lunghi, "The meeting was embarrassing because Stalin was so unimpressed. Mountbatten had to command a platoon of stokers, many of whom had never handled a rifle before, in northern England. Mountbatten left with his tail between his legs. » C'est le couple royal qu'à travers lui, le grand seigneur retiré des affaires, l'Ira a voulu atteindre. When Mountbatten and his party had taken the boat just a few hundred yards from the shore, the bomb was detonated. De sa naissance à sa mort, l'amiral de la Flotte, Louis, comte de Mountbatten de Birmanie, a si complètement incarné le dernier chapitre de cette histoire que les cinéastes de la B.b.c. [43] A personal high point was the receipt of the Japanese surrender in Singapore when British troops returned to the island to receive the formal surrender of Japanese forces in the region led by General Itagaki Seishiro on 12 September 1945, codenamed Operation Tiderace. This issue would become a lasting thorn in his legacy and one that is not resolved to this day. [111][112][113] These claims were dismissed by the Historical Institution Abuse (HIA) Inquiry. [27] During this period of relative inactivity, he paid a flying visit to Pearl Harbor, three months before the Japanese attack on it. Le lendemain, le navire prenait en chasse son premier sous-marin allemand. Instead, he worked hard to prepare the Royal Navy for war with characteristic professionalism and thoroughness. Pour associer votre compte PassMedia avec votre compte Paris Match en toute sécurité, validez votre email : le début des «Troubles» dix ans auparavant. [95][96][97], In 1975 he finally visited the Soviet Union, leading the delegation from UK as personal representative of Queen Elizabeth II at the celebrations to mark the 30th anniversary of Victory Day in World War II in Moscow. Lord Mountbatten est tué par l’explosion d’une bombe, au large du comté de Sligo, dans le nord-ouest de l'Irlande. Lord Mountbatten 'was a homosexual with a lust for young boys' claims secret FBI dossier compiled by agents seeking dirt on British statesmen during World War Two and the Suez Crisis. [24], Kelly was sunk by German dive bombers on 23 May 1941 during the Battle of Crete;[27] the incident serving as the basis for Noël Coward's film In Which We Serve. [156] The IET annually awards the Mountbatten Medal for an outstanding contribution, or contributions over a period, to the promotion of electronics or information technology and their application. [21], As commander of Combined Operations, Mountbatten and his staff planned the highly successful Bruneval raid, which gained important information and captured part of a German Würzburg radar installation and one of the machine's technicians on 27 February 1942. [7] He was appointed Fleet Wireless Officer to the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1931 and, having been promoted commander on 31 December 1932,[18] was posted to the battleship HMS Resolution. "Autobiography and history on screen: The Life and Times of Lord Mountbatten.". Son dessein accompli, Lord Mountbatten reporta sur l'attendrissant « Plum Pudding », futur Prince de Galles, l'affection qu'il avait pour Philip. Mountbatten was posted as midshipman to the battlecruiser HMS Lion in July 1916 and, after seeing action in August 1916, transferred to the battleship HMS Queen Elizabeth during the closing phases of the First World War. Lord Brabourne counselled that the intense scrutiny of the press would be more likely to drive Mountbatten's godson and granddaughter apart than together. Le commandant du « Kelly » avait instinctivement compris la portée de cette nouvelle. [3], Prince Louis was educated at home for the first 10 years of his life; he was then sent to Lockers Park School in Hertfordshire[4] and on to the Royal Naval College, Osborne, in May 1913. [27] Following the Dieppe raid Mountbatten became a controversial figure in Canada, with the Royal Canadian Legion distancing itself from him during his visits there during his later career. [3], Mountbatten admitted: "Edwina and I spent all our married lives getting into other people's beds. Il n'avait pas oublié son serment d'adolescent. [145] In an address, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Donald Coggan, highlighted his various achievements and his "lifelong devotion to the Royal Navy". .mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}, Among the Indian leaders, Mahatma Gandhi emphatically insisted on maintaining a united India and for a while successfully rallied people to this goal.