On their bad English Turks are informing us that in the beginning of 20th century an Armenian priest blew up the minaret. -Ani. L'église est dédiée à la Vierge Marie. The church is known to have collapsed a relatively short time after its construction and houses were later constructed on top of its ruins. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... What is the only major world capital named after a religion? It’s a pity we did not manage to get there…, A view of the canyon of the Akhuryan River and ruins of an ancient bridge, along which the Great Silk Road had passed. It was founded by the Pahlavuni family and was used by the archbishops of Ani (many of whom belonged to that dynasty). Située à la frontière avec la Turquie, elle fut un haut lieu de commerce et de culture. The city reaches its apogee, as it was inhabited by more than 100 thousand people. This lie is so absurd that it seems ridiculous to try to refute it. Today, goats and sheep take advantage of the caves' cool interiors. Nothing is known to anyone about the “crime”, except Turks, our contemporaries. The entire territory of the huge fortress is strewn with stones, the remains of ancient buildings: In some places the foundations of ancient houses can be seen protruding from the ground: There is practically nothing left from the once majestic round church of St. Gregory the Illuminator, also known as the church of King Gagik. The new king of Ani, Gagik II (1042–45), opposed this and several Byzantine armies sent to capture Ani were repulsed. La Turquie, pour des raisons politiques, laisse ce bâtiment se dégrader lentement sans le restaurer. In 1906 the mosque was partially repaired in order for it to house a public museum containing objects found during Nicholas Marr's excavations. Ani (Ani, Ancient Armenian Capital) is a popular song by The National Duduk Ensemble of Armenia | Create your own TikTok videos with the Ani (Ani, Ancient Armenian Capital) song and explore 0 videos made by new and popular creators. By the way, there was an ancient water pipe under it! [59], The mosque is named after its presumed founder, Manuchihr, the first member of the Shaddadid dynasty that ruled Ani after 1072. In 1534 the city was captured by the Ottoman Empire. [26] Zakare was succeeded by his son Shanshe (Shahnshah). Vers l'an 885, la dynastie bagratide s'impose en Arménie, et l'indépendance du pays est alors reconnue. [67], Ruined medieval Armenian city situated in the Turkish province of Kars, The ruins of Ani as seen from the Armenian side. Correct answer would have been that the Soviets began an invasion. Aq Qoyunlu 1430s-1500s If you don't have your own car, haggle with a taxi or minibus driver in Kars for the round-trip to Ani, perhaps sharing the cost with other travelers. [46][47], The World Monuments Fund (WMF) placed Ani on its 1996, 1998, and 2000 Watch Lists of 100 Most Endangered Sites. The name of this is not known to me either, unfortunately. [24], In 1072, the Seljuks sold Ani to the Shaddadids, a Muslim Kurdish dynasty. What’s his name? However, the Kemalistic regime of Turkey made the most contribution to this matter in 20th century, but more on this later. Although the Georgian Church controlled this church, its congregation would have mostly been Armenians. We returned to the center of Ani along its main street, or rather along the path that had been once the main street. Elle est terminée en 1001, sous le patronage de la femme du roi Gagik Ier, la reine Katranide. La cathédrale est architecturalement complexe : une petite arcature aveugle à fines colonnes orne le monument sur tout son long ; des arcs plus importants parent les fenêtres, assez petites ; les grandes ouvertures entourent des grands bandeaux d'entrelacs. Beyond this section, the wall is very fragmentary until it reaches the ruins of a palace (whose walls formed part of the city wall).. the empty, crumbling site of the once-great metropolis of Ani, known as "the city of a thousand and one churches." Marr's excavations at Ani resumed in 1904 and continued yearly until 1917. After the kingdom collapsed, Ani experienced a long history of war, looting, vandalism, capture, and transfer of power. [29] Emergency repairs were also undertaken on those buildings that were most at risk of collapse. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. So, Turks should remove their cheap propaganda and explain why Armenian architectural monuments were shot during military training in 1950s. A Byzantine governor was installed in the city. In 45 km from Kars, on the very border of the Republic of Armenia are the ruins of the once great medieval city of Ani, the capital of the Ani kingdom. The Church of St. Gregory of 11th century was preserved almost completely. I kept trying to find images of destruction of buildings by lightning on the Internet, but I couldn’t find anything. Although the population estimate made in the Middle Ages of about 100,000 in the early 11th century is unreliable, Ani was substantial in its size and magnificence. [6] The Akhurian is a branch of the Araks River[6] and forms part of the currently closed border between Turkey and Armenia. Eventually the site was abandoned. The opinions of historians differ on the date of its construction. Ankara Government 1920-1923. Some say that this minaret was overturned by the last earthquake that destroyed or damaged high stone buildings in many localities of the Caucasus, and even in Tiflis (now Tbilisi, capital city of Georgia) itself, according to Markov’s article “Russian Armenia. In general, little is left of it. It remained the chief city of Armenia until Mongol raids in the 13th century, a devastating earthquake in 1319, and shifting trade routes sent it into an irreparable decline. Elle mesure 30 m de long pour 20 m de large. By the early 9th century, the former territories of the Kamsarakans in Arsharunik and Shirak (including Ani) had been incorporated into the territories of the Armenian Bagratuni dynasty. He told me that when he had been here a few years ago when he met an elderly local resident, who was a child when trainings had occurred. Fig. Nicholas Marr excavated the citadel hill in 1908 and 1909. [23] When Hovhannes-Smbat died in 1041, Emperor Michael IV the Paphlagonian, claimed sovereignty over Ani. I also forgot to mention that there were Turkish information signs across Ani. Road past the Fallen Minaret A paved road ran from the main city gate towards the citadel, passing a minaret that fell around 1890. Dès 1915 et le génocide, l'intérieur est systématiquement pillé et dégradé. Ornate stone carvings of real and imaginary animals fill the spandrels between blind arcade that runs around all four sides of the church. Also known as Surp Asdvadzadzin (the Church of the Holy Mother of God), its construction was started in the year 989, under King Smbat II. Ani, ancient city site in extreme eastern Turkey. It was built as a private chapel for the Pahlavuni family. Ani se trouve à la limite précise de la frontière arménienne, à 45 mn de voiture de Kars. During 19th century the first archaeological researches of this ancient city have begun. It is easily carved and comes in a variety of vibrant colors, from creamy yellow, to rose-red, to jet black. Judging by the atlas of the ruins of Ani, published in 1860 by a well-known archaeologist and connoisseur of the Caucasus, Marie-Félicité Brosset and genuine pictures of Kestner, in the middle of Ani, not far from the main cathedral, there was still another similar, but even taller minaret. Then, in 11th century, control over Ani was taken by Byzantium. The prayer hall, half of which survives, dates from a later period (the 12th or 13th century). In fact, when we went into the “minaret” and looked up, we saw crosses. Ani. In 992 the Armenian Catholicosate moved its seat to Ani. In 45 km from Kars, on the very border of the Republic of Armenia are the ruins of the once great medieval city of Ani, the capital of the Ani kingdom. The church was largely intact until 1955, when the entire eastern half collapsed during a storm. The exterior of the church is spectacularly decorated. According to their records, the plateau was situated south and […], Your email address will not be published. This museum was housed in two buildings: the Minuchihr mosque, and a purpose-built stone building. [6] The Shaddadids generally pursued a conciliatory policy towards the city's overwhelmingly Armenian and Christian population and actually married several members of the Bagratid nobility. During over its thousand-year history the city was destroyed by multiple earthquakes. The history of this city has been well studied and a numerous articles and books have been written about it.. Were they trying to explain traces of burning on the remains? Directly outside of Ani, there was a settlement-zone carved into the cliffs. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème Arménie, Géographie, Croix arménienne. Church of St. Gregory of the Abughamrents; in the background is the citadel. Republic of Armenia 1918-1920 Only fragments remain of the church, but a narthex with spectacular stonework, built against the south side of the church, is still partially intact. Zakare's new dynasty — the Zakarids — considered themselves to be the successors to the Bagratids. Let me remind you, that in those years this place was part of the Russian Empire. [6] Ohannes Kurkdjian produced stereoscopic image of Ani in the 2nd half of the 19th century. Ani, capitale de l’Arménie La ville d’Ani se trouve sur un promontoire naturel triangulaire délimité par les escarpements rocheux creusés par l’Akhourian. [48], In March 2015, it was reported that Turkey will nominate Ani to be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016. However, anyone can easily find information about this on the Internet. Armenienne, chretien, apostolique armenienne, cathedrale, orthodoxe orientale, orthodoxe, ottoman, empire ottoman, ottoman empire, la reconnaissance, Turque, frontiere entre la Turquie Armenie, ancienne capitale, capitale armenienne, capitale armenienne ancienne, detruit, batiment, architecture, batiment armenienne, architecture religieuse, design interieur, Republique Armenie, History, photography, photographie, Alfred Yaghobzadeh. [22], Ani attained the peak of its power during the long reign of King Gagik I (989–1020). Shaddadids 1072-1199 According to a legend of ancient times, here was an underground passage to Kars! Ani. Ani (Armenian: Անի; Greek: Ἄνιον, Ánion;[5] Latin: Abnicum;[6][7] Turkish: Ani)[8] is a ruined medieval Armenian city now situated in Turkey's province of Kars, next to the closed border with Armenia. On the way we see ruins of several churches and chapels. Neglect, earthquakes, cultural cleansing, vandalism, quarrying, amateurish restorations and excavations – all these and more have taken a heavy toll on Ani's monuments. Ani. Before that he still had to return, prepare a manuscript, go through censorship. Carte d'Ani. Nikolai Marr uncovered the foundations of this remarkable building in 1905 and 1906. Trdat's design closely follows that of Zvartnotz in its size and in its plan (a quatrefoil core surrounded by a circular ambulatory). [37] Some destruction did take place, including most of Marr's excavations and building repairs. [16][15] Ani is a widely recognized cultural, religious, and national heritage symbol for Armenians. [49] The archaeological site of Ani was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site on July 15, 2016. All the structures at Ani are constructed using the local volcanic basalt, a sort of tufa stone. The Manuchihr Mosque. The Russian traveler Yevgeny Markov, who has been quoted here many times, comes to the rescue. La cathédrale occupe un emplacement au centre du site d'Ani, capitale de l'ancien royaume d'Arménie vers l'an 1000. The Turks retort that Ani's remains have been shaken by blasts from a quarry on the Armenian side of the border. The exact date of construction is unknown. Ani never recovered from a devastating 1319 earthquake, and was gradually abandoned until it was largely forgotten by the 17th century. The text was published in May 1901. Later, in 11th century, when the Turks seized the city, the cathedral was turned into a mosque. ANI, CAPITALE DE L'ARMENIE EN L'AN MIL (Ani, Armenian Capital in the Year 1000) on Amazon.com. Ani's recent history has been one of continuous and always increasing destruction. Hovhannes-Smbat, fearing that the Byzantine Empire would attack his now-weakened kingdom, made the Byzantine Emperor Basil II his heir. It was later abandoned and neglected in the 17 th century. La construction de la cathédrale d'Ani débute sous le règne du roi Smbat II, vers 989, sous la direction de l'architecte Tiridate. Turks removed the cross from it and buried it at the entrance, so that those who entered would trample it. At the behest of Joseph Orbeli, the saved items were consolidated into a museum collection; they are currently part of the collection of Yerevan's State Museum of Armenian History. In 2010 there was even a Friday salah (“Muslim prayer”). [19] Their leader, Ashot Msaker (Ashot the Meateater) (806–827) was given the title of ishkhan (prince) of Armenia by the Caliphate in 804. About 6000 of the most portable items were removed by archaeologist Ashkharbek Kalantar, a participant of Marr's excavation campaigns. [52], There is no inscription giving the date of its construction, but an edict in Georgian is dated 1218. What conclusion would probably most of us make in this situation? L'intérieur de l'édifice peut faire penser à l'architecture gothique, car la totalité des arcs et des piliers dessinent des sortes de demi-colonnettes. The interior contains several progressive features (such as the use of pointed arches and clustered piers) that give to it the appearance of Gothic architecture (a style which the Ani cathedral predates by several centuries). Closer to the steep bank of the river, or rather, the stream of Ani, is a rock of tuff with a plurality of caves. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. The same thought occurred to this man. Safavid Dynasty 1500s-1579 Ani : world architectural heritage of a Medieval Armenian capital : [proceedings of the First International Symposium on the History, Culture, and Architectural Significance of Ani, at the New-York Historical Society on October 21, 1989]. Turkey. The site is at an elevation of around 1,340 meters (4,400 ft).[7]. Then they’ll return home, tell friends the “information”, and it will spread like a wild fire. In the centuries that followed, Ani and the surrounding region were conquered hundreds of times. [57], Also known as the Gagikashen, this church was constructed between the years 1001 and 1005 and intended to be a recreation of the celebrated cathedral of Zvartnots at Vagharshapat. A number of other halls, chapels, and shrines once surrounded this church: Nicholas Marr excavated their foundations in 1909, but they are now mostly destroyed. The first sight was the only surviving wall of Georgian church, built presumably in the 11th century. Everything that was left behind was later looted or destroyed. How ancient is this settlement? A small town remained within its walls at least until the middle of the seventeenth century, but the site was entirely abandoned by 1735 when the last monks left the monastery in the Virgin's Fortress or Kizkale. In 1968 there were negotiations between the Soviet Union and Turkey, in which Ani will be transferred to Soviet Armenia in exchange for two Kurdish villages being transferred to Turkey, however nothing resulted from the talks.[41]. From one side the city was defended by now half-ruined, but undoubtedly powerful fortress walls. It quite suits the conditions of Markov’s trip. [11], In the estimation of the Landmarks Foundation (a non-profit organization established for the protection of sacred sites) this ancient city "needs to be protected regardless of whose jurisdiction it falls under. Ani was once a thriving ancient capital of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia with nearly 100,000 residents. At this point you can only make guesses about the former grandeur and scale of this structure. [66], Turkish niche perfume brand Nishane and perfumer Cecile Zarokian have created an extrait de parfum named Ani dedicated to the city in 2019, which has gathered positive reviews in the fragrance community. Le 19 septembre 2010, la cathédrale arménienne Sainte-Croix d'Aghtamar (lac de Van) reçoit sa première messe chrétienne en 95 ans. At Ani, attempts were made to evacuate the artifacts contained in the museum as Turkish soldiers were approaching the site. Between 961 and 1045, it was the capital of the Bagratid Armenian kingdom that covered much of present-day Armenia and eastern Turkey. Earthquakes in 1319, 1832, and 1988, Army Target practice and general neglect all have had devastating effects on the architecture of the city. [17] According to Razmik Panossian, Ani is one of the most visible and ‘tangible’ symbols of past Armenian greatness and hence a source of pride. In the centuries that followed, Ani and the surrounding region were conquered hundreds of times. [14][clarification needed] Ani was also previously known as Khnamk (Խնամք), although historians are uncertain as to why it was called so. [34] Turkey's surrender at the end of World War I led to the restoration of Ani to Armenian control, but a resumed offensive against the Armenian Republic in 1920 resulted in Turkey's recapture of Ani. Armenian chroniclers such as Yeghishe and Ghazar Parpetsi first mentioned Ani in the 5th century. [40] In the 1950s Ani was part of the USSR's territorial claims on Turkey. 28 juin 2020 - Découvrez le tableau "ARMENIE-HAYASTAN" de Daniel Laurent sur Pinterest. Tiridate innove architecturalement en élargissant la nef principale et en diminuant l'espace des petites nefs latérales. [64][65] Ara Gevorgyan's 1999 album of folk instrumental songs is titled Ani. In front of its entrance are the ruins of a narthex and a small chapel that are from a slightly later period. [20] The Bagratunis had their first capital at Bagaran, some 40 km south of Ani, before moving it to Shirakavan, some 25 km northeast of Ani, and then transferring it to Kars in the year 929. So, according to the Turkish version, some crazy Armenian priest in the beginning of 20th century, but no later than 1900 (funny, isn’t it?) Also inside the citadel are the visible ruins of three churches and several unidentified buildings.