Biography Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, on the forty-ninth birthday of his namesake, the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV, in the small German village of Röcken bei Lützen, southwest of Leipzig. Nagsurat hiya hin mga basahon nga naghihingyap makapaupay han kalibutan. His father Ludwig, also a minister, died in 1849, at the age of thirty-six, having sustained head injuries through a fall about a year previously. Nietzsche de 1844 à 1869 Friedrich Nietzsche, (born October 15, 1844, Röcken, Saxony, Prussia [Germany]—died August 25, 1900, Weimar, Thuringian States), German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. In 1869, Nietzsche took a position as a professor of classical philology at the University of Basel in Switzerland. Nietzsche est le philosophe de la volonté de puissance, conçue comme création et plénitude vitale, comme affirmation éperdue de la vie. Safranski, Nietzsche, Biographie d'une pensée, p.267-268). Friedrich Nietzsche, born near Leipzig, Germany, was one of the 19th century's most influential philosophers, and his work continues to influence modern existential and postmodern philosophy. En 1870, il s'engage comme volontaire dans le conflit franco-allemand. Biographie de Friedrich Nietzsche : Philosophe allemand issu d'une famille de pasteurs. Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. His father died in 1849, andthe family relocated to Naumburg, where he grew up in a householdcomprising his mother, grandmother, two aunts, and his younger sister,Elisabeth. Joseph Goebbels served as minister of propaganda for the German Third Reich under Adolf Hitler — a position from which he spread the Nazi message. German midfielder Mesut Özil emerged as one of soccer's rising stars during the 2010 FIFA World Cup and his three years with Spanish club Real Madrid. Après avoir renoncé à la carrière de pasteur, Friedrich Nietzsche étudie la philologie et s'intéresse à Arthur Schopenhauer. Friedrich Nietzsche is a native of Saxony and was born in the German province in the town of Röcken.He was born on 15th October in the year 1844 to a Lutheran pastor, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, who was also a former teacher. He became engrossed in philosophy, focusing particularly on the Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato. Commenter Ecrire un article. At age 24, he was the youngest ever appointed tothat post. His best-known work is the 'Critique of Pure Reason.'. Friedrich Nietzsche, (born October 15, 1844, Röcken, Saxony, Prussia [Germany]—died August 25, 1900, Weimar, Thuringian States), German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. Nietzsche wrote his first book, The … Alain LeRoy Locke was a philosopher best known for his writing on and support of the Harlem Renaissance. Max Weber was a 19th-century German sociologist and one of the founders of modern sociology. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Friedrich Nietzsche: A Biography. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche wurde als Sohn des Pfarrers Carl Ludwig Nietzsche und dessen Frau Franziska Nietzsche, geborene Oehler, am 15. He died in Weimar on August 25, 1900. For much of the following decade, Nietzsche lived in seclusion, moving from Switzerland to France to Italy when he was not staying at his mother's house in Naumburg. In 1869 the University of Leipzig conferred the doctorate without examination or dissertation on the strength of his published writings, and the University of Basel appointed him extraordinary professor of classical philology. Nietzsche suffered a collapse in 1889 while living in Turin, Italy. After a stay in an asylum, Nietzsche was cared for by his mother in Naumburg and his sister in Weimar, Germany. Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken (near Leipzig),where his father was a Lutheran minister. His father, a Lutheran pastor, died when Nietzsche was 5 years old. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Après avoir renoncé à la carrière de pasteur, Friedrich Nietzsche étudie la … Friedrich's father's death, when he was four years old, was distressing, which he often referred to in his later writings. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Nietzsche had a brilliant school and university career,culminating in May 1869 when he was called to a chair in classicalphilology at Basel. Friedrich Nietzsche, in full Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (German: ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə), was born on 15 October 1844, in a small town called Röcken, located near Leipzig, in the Prussian Province of Saxony. In these works of the 1880s, Nietzsche developed the central points of his philosophy. In the last decade of his life, he suffered from insanity and died on August 25, 1900. The last decade of his life was spent in a state of mental incapacitation. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Talking much about oneself may be a way of hiding oneself. It received little attention during his lifetime, but its influence since his death has been considerable in the arts as well as philosophy. He returned to Basel in October to resume a heavy teaching load, but as early as 1871 ill health prompted him to seek relief from the stultifying chores of a professor of classical philology; he applied for the vacant chair of philosophy and proposed Rohde as his successor, all to no avail. His non-academic doctrine was widely spread not only in the scientific and philosophical community but also far beyond its limits. Friedrich Nietzsche: biography -image - Arthur SchopenhauerFriedrich Nietzsche is a German philosopher, thinker, poet and even composer. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (prononcé [nitʃ] ou [ni:tʃə]) est un philologue, philosophe et poète allemand né le 15 octobre 1844 à Röcken, en Saxe, et mort le 25 août 1900 à Weimar, en Allemagne. Wagner appreciated Nietzsche as a brilliant professorial apostle, but Wagner’s increasing exploitation of Christian motifs, as in Parsifal (1882), coupled with his chauvinism and anti-Semitism proved to be more than Nietzsche could bear. It remains a classic in the history of aesthetics to this day. Omissions? Literary and Philosophical Work of the 1880s. Philosoph. It is my ambition to say in ten sentences what other men say in whole books—what other men do not say in whole books. Corrections? Nietzsche is regarded as a major influence on 20th-century philosophy, theology and art. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Il rend de nombreuses visites à Wagner et à sa femme Cosima. Son père et son grand-père ont enseigné la théologie. Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche. Although he was an ardent foe of nationalism, anti-Semitism, and power politics, his name was later invoked by fascists to advance the very things he loathed. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Baselin 1869 at the age of 24. Friedrich was the eldest of three children. Author of. Other works included Twilight of the Idols, The Antichrist, and Ecce Homo. Others were his endorsement of self-perfection through creative drive and a "will to power," and his concept of a "super-man" or "over-man" (Übermensch), an individual who strives to exist beyond conventional categories of good and evil, master and slave. Friedrich Nietzsche’s home was a stronghold of Lutheran piety. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He had completed neither his doctoral thesis nor the additional dissertation required for a German degree; yet Ritschl assured the University of Basel that he had never seen anyone like Nietzsche in 40 years of teaching and that his talents were limitless. Cornford wrote in 1912. The following year Nietzsche was promoted to ordinary professor. Greeted by stony silence at first, it became the object of heated controversy on the part of those who mistook it for a conventional work of classical scholarship. Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher in the 17th century, was best known for his book 'Leviathan' (1651) and his political views on society. Nietzsche a perdu sa nationalité, puisqu’en 1869, il devient apatride. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken, Germany, where his father served as a Lutheran pastor. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a pastor who died before Nietzsche’s fifth birthday. 1850. "...Julian Young's Friedrich Nietzsche: A Philosophical Biography is marvelous, meticulously researched, artfully written, and genuinely insightful. During the years at Leipzig, Nietzsche discovered Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy, met the great operatic composer Richard Wagner, and began his lifelong friendship with fellow classicist Erwin Rohde. Friedrich Nietzsche: A Biography - Kindle edition by Cate, Curtis. In 1864 Friedrich Nietzsche went to the University of Bonn to study theology and classical philology. Friedrich Nietzsche: Human, All-too-Human; Brevity. Mga ginbuhat. Within a month, while accompanying a transport of wounded, he contracted dysentery and diphtheria, which ruined his health permanently. Nietzsche est brillant, très brillant, ce qui lui vaut d'être nommé en 1869, à 25 ans, alors qu'il n'a pas fini sa thèse, sur une simple recommandation de Ritsch (professeur de grec), professeur de philologie classique à l'Université de Bâle. Nietzsche's father was a Lutheran minister who died in 1849 from a brain disorder. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He wrote 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism' in 1905. Nietzsche prospered under Ritschl’s tutelage in Leipzig. After graduating in 1864, he attended the University of Bonn for two semesters. German Romantic composer, pianist and conductor Felix Mendelssohn wrote the Overture to a 'Midsummer Night's Dream' and founded the Leipzig Conservatory of Music. Overview (4) Mini Bio (1) Friedrich Nietzsche was raised having five women around him - his mother, grandmother, two aunts and a sister, all living together. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Friedrich Nietzsche biography Friedrich Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken, Prussia. Quant à l’illusion des arrières-mondes, Nietzsche la traque sous toutes ses formes. Friedrich spent most of his early life in a household consisting of five women: his mother, Franziska; his younger sister, Elisabeth; his maternal grandmother; and two aunts. Nietzsche was awarded a doctorate degree and became a professor of classical philology. Nietzsche’s home was a stronghold of Lutheran piety. German philosopher and revolutionary socialist Karl Marx published 'The Communist Manifesto' and 'Das Kapital,' anticapitalist works that form the basis of Marxism. He thought through the consequences of the triumph of the Enlightenment’s secularism, expressed in his observation that “God is dead,” in a way that determined the agenda for many of Europe’s most-celebrated intellectuals after his death. He began military service in October 1867 in the cavalry company of an artillery regiment, sustained a serious chest injury while mounting a horse in March 1868, and resumed his studies in Leipzig in October 1868 while on extended sick leave from the military. A speculative rather than exegetical work, it argued that Greek tragedy arose out of the fusion of what he termed Apollonian and Dionysian elements—the former representing measure, restraint, and harmony and the latter representing unbridled passion—and that Socratic rationalism and optimism spelled the death of Greek tragedy. In his brilliant but relatively brief career, Friedrich Nietzsche published numerous major works of philosophy, including Twilight of the Idols and Thus Spoke Zarathustra. He excelled academically and received an outstanding classical education there. In 1850 the family moved to Naumburg on the Saale River, where Nietzsche attended a private preparatory school, the Domgymnasium. It was undoubtedly “a work of profound imaginative insight, which left the scholarship of a generation toiling in the rear,” as the British classicist F.M. He also began to distance himself from classical scholarship, as well as the teachings of Schopenhauer, and to take more interest in the values underlying modern-day civilization. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a Lutheran pastor in … Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Nietzsche’s first book, Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik (1872; The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music), marked his emancipation from the trappings of classical scholarship. Oktober: Friedrich Nietzsche wird in Röcken (Preußische Provinz Sachsen) als Sohn eines pietistischen Pfarrers geboren. In 1858 he was admitted to Schulpforta, Germany’s leading Protestant boarding school. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Less beneficially, certain aspects of Nietzsche's work were used by the Nazi Party of the 1930s – '40s as justification for its activities; this selective and misleading use of his work has somewhat darkened his reputation for later audiences. Mga kasarigan. Nietzsche was a star pupil of philology, and his professor recommended him for a university appointment at the University of Basel in 1869. Il leur lira en 1871 le manuscrit de La naissance de la tragédie. By 1878 the breach between the two men had become final. His paternal grandfather had published books defending Protestantism and had achieved the ecclesiastical position of superintendent; his maternal grandfather was a country parson; his father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was appointed pastor at Röcken by order of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, after whom Friedrich Nietzsche was named. The Nietzsche scholar Walter Kaufmann told a story of how, in 1952, just two years after publishing his ground-breaking book, Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist, he visited the Cambridge philosopher CD Broad at Trinity College. He was strongly influenced by the writings of philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. Nietzsche attended a private preparatory school in Naumburg and then received a classical education at the prestigious Schulpforta school. During those early Basel years Nietzsche’s ambivalent friendship with Wagner ripened, and he seized every opportunity to visit Richard and his wife, Cosima. In 1865 he transferred to the University of Leipzig. Young offers a smooth integration of … Having graduated in 1864, he went to the University of Bonn to study theology and classical philology. Friedrich Nietzsche was born on 15 October 1844, in a small town called Röcken, located near Leipzig in the Prussian Province of Saxony. His ideas on individuality, morality and the meaning of existence contributed to the thinking of philosophers Martin Heidegger, Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault; Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud, two of the founding figures of psychiatry; and writers such as Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Thomas Mann and Hermann Hesse. Nietzsche and his younger sister, Elisabeth, were raised by their mother, Franziska. During his time in Leipzig, he began a friendship with the composer Richard Wagner, whose music he greatly admired. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche est un philosophe allemand né le 15 octobre 1844 à Röcken, Prusse et mort le 25 août 1900 à Weimar en Allemagne. His father Carl Ludwig Nietzsche was a Lutheran pastor in Röcken. Élevé dans une famille luthérienne, il grandit dans la ville de Naumburg où sa famille s'installe après la mort de son père. His attempts to unmask the motives that underlie traditional Western religion, morality, and philosophy deeply affected generations of theologians, philosophers, psychologists, poets, novelists, and playwrights. His father died in 1849, before Nietzsche’s fifth birthday, and he spent most of his early life in a household consisting of five women: his mother, Franziska, his younger sister, Elisabeth, his maternal grandmother, and two aunts. His mother’s name was Franziska Nietzsche (née Oehler). Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken bei Lützen, a small village in Prussia (part of present-day Germany). When a professorship in classical philology fell vacant in 1869 in Basel, Switzerland, Ritschl recommended Nietzsche with unparalleled praise. Oktober 1844 im sächsischen Röcken bei Lützen geboren. Nach dem Tod des Vaters zieht die Familie nach Naumburg um. Professor of Philosophy; Director, Center for Ideas and Society, University of California, Riverside. However, this was also a highly productive period for him as a thinker and writer. During the years in Leipzig, Nietzsche discovered Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy, met the great operatic composer Richard Wagner, and began his lifelong friendship with fellow classicist Erwin Rohde (author of Psyche). Ce qui est essentiel, c’est notre monde en tant qu’il est joie et volonté de puissance. He transferred to the University of Leipzig, where he studied philology, a combination of literature, linguistics and history. Die Umstellung vom Land auf die Stadt bereitete Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Schwierigkeiten. His attempts to unmask the motives that underlie traditional Western religion, morality, and philosophy deeply affected generations of theologians, philosophers, psychologists, poets, novelists, and playwrights. Il occupera cette chaire de langue et de littérature grecques plus de 10 ans. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a … Having requested and received a sick leave, Nietzsche in 1877 set up house with his sister and his friend Peter Gast (Johann Heinrich Köselitz), and in 1878 his aphoristic Menschliches, Allzumenschliches (Human, All-Too-Human) appeared. Friedrich Nietzsche was a classical philologist (someone whom studies the foundational schools of knowledge of the ancient Greeks and Romans, such as literature, law and philosophy) and philosopher whose work was extremely influential to many philosophical and political movements in the Western World and to Western intellectual thought in general. Friedrich Nietzsche Biographie Biographie d'auteur Culture Écrivains. German mechanical engineer Karl Benz designed and built the first practical automobile powered by an internal-combustion engine. Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher during the Enlightenment era of the late 18th century. Biographie courte de Friedrich Nietzsche - Philosophe allemand, Friedrich Nietzsche est né le 15 octobre 1844 à Röcken, en Prusse. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 1844. Claire Fercak 17/02/2013. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In 1865 he transferred to the University of Leipzig, joining Ritschl, who had accepted an appointment there. Biographie : Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche est un philologue, philosophe, poète et musicien allemand. Die Familie zog 1850 nach Naumburg an der Saale. Nietzsche began to incorporate philosophy into his lectures at the university after he encountered the works of Arthur Schopenhauer. Friedrich Nietzsche is the 10th most popular philosopher (up from 11th in 2019), the 7th most popular biography from Germany (up from 8th in 2019) and the most popular German Philosopher. Friedrich Nietzsche, 1887. 3 vie» que Nietzsche a développée dans La Joute chez Homère, composée peu de temps après La 15. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, Decade of isolation and creativity (1879–89), https://www.britannica.com/biography/Friedrich-Nietzsche, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Friedrich Nietzsche and his philosophy of the Superman, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Friedrich Nietzsche - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music. The final 10 sections of the book are a rhapsody about the rebirth of tragedy from the spirit of Wagner’s music. Nietzsche was a German philosopher who is most famous for his idea of the Übermensch. The reason for his insanity is still unknown, although historians have attributed it to causes as varied as syphilis, an inherited brain disease, a tumor and overuse of sedative drugs. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Sa publication en 1872 lui vaudra les réactions hostiles des milieux universitaires mais lu… Thus Spake Zarathustra (1883–85) was the first thorough statement of Friedrich Nietzsche’s mature philosophy and the masterpiece of his career. Fils d'un pasteur, Nietzsche, après ses études, est appelé à la chaire de philologie classique de l'université de Bâle. One of these was his famous statement that "God is dead," a rejection of Christianity as a meaningful force in contemporary life. Young has managed to produce a work of the highest caliber on the slippery terrain of Nietzsche's thought. During their conversation, Broad mentioned someone by the name of Salter. His writings on individuality and morality in contemporary civilization influenced many major thinkers and writers of the 20th century. Friedrich Nietzsche: A Philosophical Biography Simply put, this is an excellent biography of Nietzsche, and a model of what a philosophical biography should be. Nietzsche's most popular book, Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883-1885), went ignored at the time of its appearance. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken bei Lützen, a small village in Prussia (part of present-day Germany). Nietzsche sought refuge in music, writing a number of compositions strongly influenced by Robert Schumann, the German Romantic composer. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. https://www.biography.com/scholar/friedrich-nietzsche. Despite efforts to take part in the university’s social life, the two semesters at Bonn were a failure, owing chiefly to acrimonious quarrels between his two leading classics professors, Otto Jahn and Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl. One of his most significant works, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, was published in four volumes between 1883 and 1885. Nietzsche peut être considéré comme un moraliste avant tout. Biographie de Friedrich Nietzsche : Philosophe allemand issu d'une famille de pasteurs. Friedrich Nietzsche: Twilight of the Idols; Candor and Sincerity. By this time, his friendship with Wagner had deteriorated. Both his grandfathers had been ordained into the Lutheran Church. Friedrich Nietzsche's Biography German philosopher and critic of culture, who influenced a number of the major writers and philosophers of the 20th century Germany and France. Suffering from a nervous disorder, he resigned from his post at Basel in 1879. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. Nietzsche obtained a leave to serve as a volunteer medical orderly in August 1870, after the outbreak of the Franco-German War. ... Lou Salomé, Paul Ree et Friedrich Nietzsche en 1882. Friedrich Nietzsche Biography, Life, Interesting Facts Early Life. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! He became the only student ever to publish in Ritschl’s journal, Rheinisches Museum (“Rhenish Museum”). Early Life Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche—named for the reigning king of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm IV, whose birthday was also October 15—was born in a parsonage. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a Lutheran preacher; he died when Nietzsche was 4 years old. He also wrote Beyond Good and Evil (published in 1886), The Genealogy of Morals (1887) and Twilight of the Idols (1889). German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is known for his writings on good and evil, the end of religion in modern society and the concept of a "super-man.". Updates? Hi Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (natawo Oktubre 15, 1844 - namatay Agosto 25, 1900) amo an usa nga manunurat nga alemano ngan pilosopo. During his professorship, he published his first books, The Birth of Tragedy (1872) and Human, All Too Human (1878). Because his health deteriorated steadily, he resigned his professorial chair on June 14, 1879, and was granted a pension of 3,000 Swiss francs per year for six years. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing i… Friedrich Nietzsche 1844-1900.